28 Serious Quotes From British Comedian Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977) became a star well before movies had sound. But his talent to turn the tragedies of everyday people into epic comedies has made him immortal on the silver screen as he played everything from a tramp to a buffoon dictator. The following quotes consist of Chaplins observations on his life, career, and the study of human nature. Charlie Chaplin on Laughter and a Positive Outlook A day without laughter is a day wasted.To truly laugh, you must be able to take your pain, and play with it!Youll never find a rainbow if youre looking down.Failure is unimportant. It takes courage to make a fool of yourself. On Despair and Tragedy Despair is a narcotic. It lulls the mind into indifference.I always like walking in the rain, so no one can see me crying.Life is a tragedy when seen in close-up, but a comedy in long-shot.Nothing is permanent in this wicked world, not even our troubles.The saddest thing I can imagine is to get used to luxury.We might as well die as to go on living like this. Chaplins Comedy and Career All I need to make a comedy is a park, a  policeman, and a pretty girl.I dont believe that the public knows what it wants; this is the conclusion that I have drawn from my career.I went into the business for the money, and the art grew out of it. If people are disillusioned by that remark, I cant help it. Its the truth.The basic essential of a great actor is that he loves himself in acting.Imagination means nothing without doing.Why should poetry have to make sense? On Human Nature A mans true character comes out when hes drunk.I am at peace with God. My conflict is with Man.I am for people. I cant help it.We think too much and feel too little.What do you want a meaning for? Life is a desire, not a meaning.We all want to help one another. Human beings are like that. We want to live by each others happiness, not by each others misery. On Beauty and Understanding I do not have much patience with a thing of beauty that must be explained to be understood.If it does need additional interpretation by someone other than the creator, then I question whether it has fulfilled its purpose. On Politics I remain just one thing, and one thing only, and that is a clown. It places me on a far higher plane than any politician.The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.Dictators free themselves, but they enslave the people.Id sooner be called a successful crook than a destitute monarch.

Medicinal Uses of Rainforest Plants Essays - 1884 Words

Medicinal Uses of Rainforest Plants It is estimated that nearly half of the worlds estimated 10 million species of plants, animals, and micro-organisms will be destroyed or severely threatened over the next quarter century due to rainforest deforestation. Rainforest plants are complex chemical storehouses that contain many undiscovered compounds which are a vital part for the growth and development of the world. Therefore, we can only gain access and knowledge to these materials if we study and conserve the species that contain them. Rainforests currently provide sources for one-fourth of todays medicines, and 70 percent of the plants found have anti-cancer properties. However, they are only found in the rainforest. The†¦show more content†¦All forests have both economic and ecological value, but tropical rainforests are especially important in a global economy. Tropical forests provide many valuable products including rubber, fruits, lumber, and medicinal herbs. However, these valuable natural products that the rainforests provide have fallen victim to deforestation, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating. Unbelievably, over 200,000 acres of rainforest are destroyed every day in the world. Therefore, one can imagine the vast amount of cures and experimental knowledge lost to the negligence of society. The Amazon Rainforest is the world=s greatest natural resource and the sacred link between humans and nature. It supports millions of plant, animal, and insect species and provides the essential environmental world service of producing more than 20 percent of the world=s oxygen. Yet, still it is being destroyed just like other rainforests around the world. However, rainforests are being destroyed worldwide for the profits they yield with mostly harvesting unsustainable resources like timber, for cattle and agriculture, and for subsistence cropping by rainforest inhabitants. Nevertheless, if land owners, governments, and those living in the rainforest today were given a viable economic reason not toShow MoreRelatedRainforest1253 Words   |  6 PagesHOW IS THE RAINFOREST HELPFUL TO US? Malcolm Clay ITT- Technical Institute The rainforest is helpful to us in many ways. Rainforests can be found all over the world from as far north as Alaska and Canada to Latin America, Asia and Africa. Rainforests are found on every continent across the Earth, except Antarctica. There are two major types of rainforest: temperate rainforests and tropical rainforests. The largest temperate rainforests are found on North Americas Pacific Coast and stretchRead MoreDeforestation as a Global Issue Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesto write an assignment on the effects and causes of the deforestation-taking place in the Amazon rainforest. 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IndustrializationRead MoreGUAVA SOAP FOR INVESTIGATORY PROJECT Essay809 Words   |  4 Pagesthe study Nowadays people are focusing in herbal plants especially those who are common in the environment. One of the examples is the guava plant (Psidium guajava Linn). Based on research this plant is good for healing and treating wounds and other skin infections. So in this project, the researcher wants to make a bathing soap out of it. People, researchers, scientists were focusing to medicinal plants. They want to prove that there are plants that are more effective against diseases especiallyRead MoreDeforestation And Its Effects On The Environment912 Words   |  4 PagesRainforests today are disappearing at an alarming rate as a result of deforestation for commercial purposes such as logging, agriculture, and livestock and the probable solution are becoming far from realistic as the expansion becomes bigger and bigger. Every year, an estimated 18 million acres are destroyed for various reasons, including paper, timber. An average of two football field sizes of precious rainforest are to rn down, killing millions of animals and destroying valuable pharmaceutical plantsRead MoreSpeech on the rain forest.1444 Words   |  6 PagesThe rainforest is one of the Earths most valuable natural resources. At the current rate of destruction it could be completely wiped out in the next 40 years. Audience Motivator: Every single day we are losing 137 plants, animal and insect species due to rainforest deforestation (Rainforest Facts). Landowners and governments of the rainforest today need to be given a good economic reason not to destroy the rainforest. We need to make an economy for the sustainable resources of the rainforest, notRead MoreEssay on Ethnobotany1788 Words   |  8 Pagesa particular culture and region make use of indigenous plants. Cultures have been using the environment around them for thousands of years. The use of plants were mentioned in the Code of Hammurabi in Babylon circa 1770 BC. The ancient Egyptians believed that plants had medicinal powers in the afterlife of the pharaohs (King and Veilleux WWW). Indigenous cultures of the rainforests and other areas still use plants today in their everyday lives. If plants work to help these cultures, should notRead MoreSCI 362: Energy Simulation755 Words   |  4 Pagesand cons of allowing a foreign pharm aceutical company, Colney Pitts located in California, to be able to harvest the rainforests tree’s bark, and build a manufacturing plant in the Kenyan highlands, to help in finding medication or herbal remedies for patients, by using the harvested bark to create synthetic medication. This particular simulation was going to affect the rainforest in the Kenya highlands where Kikuyu tribe inhabits the land. The Kikuyu tribe is one of the largest tribes in Kenya;Read MoreEssay Brazils Development Without Long Term Damage to the Amazon827 Words   |  4 PagesAmazon Introduction As part of this essay I will be discussing the issues involved with Brazil’s Amazon rainforest and how they as a country can use the rainforests resources for their development, without impairing the ability to use those resources in the future. In other words it is saying that Brazil should not cause long term damage to the rainforest when extracting resources. This is called sustainable development, and as it suggests, it means to sustain theRead MoreEnvironmental Issue: Tropical Rainforest Deforestation1624 Words   |  7 PagesIn all rainforest regions in the world, deforestation has become a major problem. The rainforest is arguably the most complicated and largely interwoven ecosystem on land. However, this treasure is being lost and demolished day by day, the land being cleared away for the pure interest of money making, in the process of deforestation. Not only are thousands of species of organisms being driven to extinction, but we are also effectively eliminating any chance of studying many of the species. Also

Illegal music downloading is stealing Essay Example For Students

Illegal music downloading is stealing Essay A common source of controversy nowadays is illegal music downloads and music file sharing. Some people say that there is nothing wrong with it, but that is not the case. By pirating music, you are hurting yourself, the men and women who make distribution of music possible and the artists who work so hard to please you. You should understand the consequences of pirating before you find yourself with a guilty conscience. Illegal music downloading is called pirating for a reason. By not eying for the music you listen to, you are stealing. Some people argue that because music isnt tangible, its not really stealing, but thats where they are wrong. Though not tangible, music is stolen if you dont pay for it. Stealing, as we all know, is against the law. If you get caught downloading music without purchasing it, you could face significant fines for every illegally procured item in your possession. In one case, a man was sentenced to up to four years in prison for infractions of a similar nature. So is the money you save really worth the possible consequences? Do you want to go to Jail because you were too parsimonious to go out and buy the CD? By illegally downloading, you are swindling money from music stores and their employees. The CD itself may cost less than a dollar to produce, but there is more to the $12-$20 you pay for it than Just the cost of the CD and profit for the record company. Many people are behind the scenes and make CDC possible. It is not Just the artists who lose out from illegal downloading. There is the workforce who gets the CD into your hands, and they have to make money somehow. These are the factory workers who make the CD, the truck drivers and pilots who move the CDC and the store clerks who stock and sell the CDC. By refusing to pay for the music you enjoy, you are cheating these hard working people out of their Jobs. If the music stores do not make enough money through CD sales, they will have to lay off workers who desperately need their Jobs. Without their Jobs, these people can no longer support or provide for their families. If you think our economy is bad now, envision a future where everyone who worked in the music retail industry is out of work and searching desperately for a Job.

The Oak Tree A symbol for America Essay Example For Students

The Oak Tree: A symbol for America Essay America, our great country, is strong, powerful, and influential. Americans exemplify positive values, selflessness, hospitality, and the American way of life. The mighty oak tree that stands taller, bigger, and older than all others best represents this grand country. Each part of the tree illustrates a facet of our nation. Shapely emerald leaves covering the tree symbolize the values many Americans hold concerning themselves, others, and their nation. Leaves help the tree grow and flourish just as our value of caring for our neighbors help us to unite and become more successful as a whole. The beautiful shade and distinct shape of these leaves make the tree more attractive and unique. Our values often differ from values of other countries due to cultural contrasts such as with religious, racial, and education issues. We give much more freedom than many other countries do to those of different races and religions. Also, he hold education in a much higher regard than other countries. It is these differences which sometimes make our country seem more appealing to those of foreign lands. Without leaves in the spring, the mighty oak would have no means of nourishment and would die. We will write a custom essay on The Oak Tree: A symbol for America specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Our common American values bind us together as one unit just as all the leaves work together to benefit the oak. Without them we would be millions of separate bodies aimlessly wondering about a common ground, and our country would fall to pieces. Thus, there would be no country as there would be no tree. The lonely oaks long, gnarled limbs seem to reach out as far as they can just to touch another tree. One limb reaches far to the east until it finds a maple. Our brave troops fought in the east to fend off the Czechoslovakians and Serbians from nearly defenseless Bosnia. Another limb bends down and softly touches the fresh buds of a young sapling. Many Americans give years of their lives in South Africa to the Peace Corps to touch the lives and hearts of many villagers. Yet another limb seems to branch out in all directions with its twigs reaching both up and down and side to side. Every year, many Americans donate money to the Christian Childrens Fund where it is then used to heal, feed, and educate poverty-stricken children all over the world. Just as our branches stretch out, so do our American arms to help those less fortunate. ere is a small, yet inviting hole in the front of the oak tree. It gives protection to the squirrels and birds from the harsh elements. Our country is one that encourages religious freedom without persecution for all ethnicities alike. Also, the cavity provides the animals a space to be free to live a life they choose. In America, once a person becomes a citizen he/she is free to be who he/she is and do what he/she will within lawful reason, creating a higher quality of life. The hole provides a starting point for the animals from which they will grow and move on. When foreigners emigrate to our land, they start off small, but are given the same chances to grow and be successful members of society. For the animals, the hole is like their ticket to a more prosperous and thus more enjoyable life just as our country serves as a land of opportunity for so many less fortunate. Small acorns that are produced by the tree and those that lie on the ground portray the lives of Americas youth. The mighty oak births many acorns with hopes that they will spring forth into new trees. Every few minutes another child is born with the opportunity to become a functional part of our society. .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .postImageUrl , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:hover , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:visited , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:active { border:0!important; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:active , .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863 .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66d6fdf70d39470a741a59c0ce580863:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: American Revolutionary War EssayHowever, like the acorns, some do not make it. They simply die too early to be something great. The ones that do make it will become our leaders of tomorrow. Once the acorns reach a certain age, they fall to the ground detached from their life line. A simple fact of American life, like all other life, is that everyone that is born must die at one time or another. Birth inevitably brings death. From the fallen acorns come new trees as if it were a miracle. In the cycle of life, death also brings life. Our elderly pass, allowing for room for the hopeful new generation to begin. Like a circle that never ends, life goes on. Through the figurative picture of a magnificent oak tree with marvelous leaves, extensive branches, a cordial aperture, and intricate acorns, we can take a look at the many positive aspects of our country and begin to appreciate what we have as opposed to those who have nothing at all. It is usually what we do not have that we want, but when we begin to appreciate what we do have, we stop wanting so much for ourselves but for others to have more. That is perhaps the characteristic of America that has made us the greatest country in the world- the tallest oak in the forest.

Critically compare Socrates and Descartess Essay Example

Critically compare Socrates and Descartess Paper Descanters essence is the inherent substance to which physical properties are built upon. Socrates forms are also cannot be destroyed, and as his notion Of a soul is akin to the forms, the soul also cannot be destroyed. Comparatively, Descanters essence has no defined lifespan, but is rather simply better known than the body. Both Socrates and Descartes, in accordance to their Substance Dualism, believe that their respective form or essence has causal control over the body as part of either the mind or the soul. Socrates notion of Forms is fundamentally flawed, as it raises many objections which lead to absurdity. Primarily, if there is to be a true form for everything in the physical world, would that mean that the forms in themselves are imperfect? For example, there may be a perfect form of banana for all bananas, but yet the perfect form of fruit is that of an apple. Is that to say that the perfect form of banana is somehow less perfect than the form of an apple because it is only the form of a banana and not that of a fruit? We will write a custom essay sample on Critically compare Socrates and Descartess specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Critically compare Socrates and Descartess specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Critically compare Socrates and Descartess specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Or does it somehow bear thinking that a banana is therefore not a fruit, r that simply, the notion of perfect forms which correspond to the material we encounter every day is inapplicable. In the context of the soul being akin to the forms, would the problem of perfection with Socrates Realm of Forms then lead us to believe that there is a perfect form for each person, and that some people s souls or forms, are more perfect than anothers soul? Therefore, Socrates conception of forms leads to making itself invalid, for as there is a perfect-ere form of all perfect things, there could equally mean that al materials things are therefore perfect manifestations of the form of rotten yellow Cavendish Banana with five spots near the stem. When these self-contradictions are considered, the Realm of Forms seems improbable, if not impossible. Considering now Descanters notion of the essence, which is perceived through his intellect and has no discernible sensory qualities, it can be found that, apart from being vague, the notion of the essence is flawed. Descartes has extricated the secondary properties from primary properties Of an Object, tit the secondary properties being the sensory manifestations, and the primary properties being the time and space the object occupies. In saying that there is an essence to all things that is there even when what is normally considered the properties of the object is, goes against Bundle Theory. Bundle Theory operates on the idea that humans are a collection of sensory input, but nothing exists behind this. Descartes attempts to rationalist that the essence is also the spirit of all things, and within the human it is the soul or mind.

My learning experience

My learning experience s, I can modify or innovate to provide a more comprehensive piece of work. Learning the various structures and themes in the story I have also come to appreciate the diversity in these masterpieces. Through the study of various works by a variety of exceptional authors, I have come to experience first hand the points of view that they have successfully tried to exhibit in their literal masterpieces.

Nurse Facilitated Hospital Discharge Planning in an Elderly Unit Literature review

Nurse Facilitated Hospital Discharge Planning in an Elderly Unit - Literature review Example Patients with complex care needs, including frail and elderly or those with mental problems, may require continuing care in special housing, residential or nursing homes, and need a ‘package of care’ to support them back to good health after hospital discharge (McKenna et al, 2000, p.594-601). Such population demands effective discharge arrangements. Discharge planning is â€Å"a facet of the overall care of the patient, developed through the application of the nursing process† (Watts, 2005). It is a process â€Å"that is dependent on inter-professional collaboration between health and welfare professionals† (Atwal, 2002). Study of problems of discharging patients from hospitals have been in focus during the last two decades, and some of the shortcomings identified are: â€Å"poor communication between hospital and community; inadequate notice of discharge; over-reliance in informed support and lack of support; inattention to patient’s needs before leaving hospital; and wasted or duplicated visits by community nurses† (McKenna et al, 2000, p.594-601). â€Å"Cost effective, coordinated, high-quality discharge planning† is integral to control increasing healthcare costs and hospital personnel must become more adept at preparing patients for discharge as there is a decrease in length of acute hospital stay, and increase in care shift to communities and homes (Lalani & Gulzar, 2001). â€Å"Aged care assessment team (ACAT)† model, operating in Australia, may be helpful in streamlining hospital discharge process in the U.K. (Robinson & Street, 2003). ACAT, a key multidisciplinary group primarily comprising nurses and paramedical staff, is involved in determining the discharge needs of older people Hence, decreasing length of patient stay in hospitals is paramount agenda in every health care planner and eliminating long waiting lists and freeing up of ‘blocked beds’ could be possible with effective an d efficient discharge planning procedures.  

Public Space Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Public Space Today - Essay Example Hence as public spaces become familiar with more and more individuals as the 21st century progresses the perceptions of people occupying those public spaces are relevant. Regardless of how public spaces are described, or the condition they are in, it is certain that all urban spaces have large numbers of them. Certainly individuals who utilise these public spaces do not invest a lot of time talking about descriptions of the kinds of spaces they are occupying, neither do they discuss about the advantages offered by public spaces, instead they encounter the advantages and at times ignore these public spaces (Carmona et al. 2008). However, they do give importance to and ‘occupy’ such public spaces and utilise them as a component of their everyday existence. Therefore, these public spaces contribute significantly to the quality of life of a community and an individual in the urban environment.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     A summary of the interpretations of public spaces, an assumpti on of shared observations between a 19th century naturalist, a supporter of public parks, and a landscape architect, remains relevant today (Woolley, 2003):(1) Individuals need interaction with their immediate environment in order to be strong spiritually, emotionally, and physically;(2)   The growth of industrial urban areas has basically damaged the natural environment, at the expense of the people;(3) It is the purpose of public spaces to restore to the urban areas the advantages of the natural environment and to give every chance.... ummary of the interpretations of public spaces, an assumption of shared observations between a 19th century naturalist, a supporter of public parks, and a landscape architect, remains relevant today (Woolley, 2003): (1) Individuals need interaction with their immediate environment in order to be strong spiritually, emotionally, and physically; (2) The growth of industrial urban areas has basically damaged the natural environment, at the expense of the people; (3) It is the purpose of public spaces to restore to the urban areas the advantages of the natural environment and to give every individual the chance to experience a natural architecture; (4) The level to which an urban area gives these opportunities and the level to which it produces public spaces to meet the needs and demands of its people are means of determining the growth of democracy. In spite of their weaknesses these interpretations can contribute to the recognition of the fact that numerous of the advantages of public spaces have been embraced as realities historically. Public spaces are vital to everyone’s everyday activities. The opportunities and advantages that can be provided by various public spaces, whether they are civic, neighbourhood, or domestic, all over the urban foundation can offer a chance to improve the quality of life. According to some scholars, it is certain that a number of metropolises, like Sheffield, Bristol, and London, already have functioning informal and formal systems of public space (Madanipour 2003). The case studies included in this discussion evidently confirm the interpretation that numerous components of life for communities and people in urban areas can be enhanced by the presence of public spaces. It is demonstrated in the case studies on Venice and Siena that

Hypothetical population, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hypothetical population, - Essay Example It must be kept in mind that such populations do not practically occur in nature because over a period of time, evolutionary factors affect the population in some way or the other. In the equation given above represents the frequency of the homozygous dominants, gives the frequency of homozygous recessive while 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygotes. The frequency of the dominant and the recessive alleles may be calculated by square-rooting the homozygous dominant and recessive genotype frequencies. Therefore gives the dominant allelic frequency while gives the recessive allelic frequency. However, the equation hold true for populations the comply with Hardy-Weinberg assumptions which means that in populations whose gene pool is disturbed by factors such as gene flow, genetic drift, mutations and in selectively bred populations, the equation will not be enough for proper estimation. In the given problem, it has been stated that 25 out of every 100 children are born with attached earlobes. We already know that attached earlobe phenotype is an expression of recessive homozygous genotype. Assuming that all assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are met, we may apply the law to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies of the given population. Let us assume that UU is the dominant homozygous gene, Ua is the heterozygous genotype while uu is the homozygous recessive gene. As given in the problem, uu causes attached earlobe phenotype while both UU and Uu cause unattached earlobes. In order to estimate the dominant and the recessive frequencies of the alleles we utilize Hardy Weinberg’s equation directly since we do not know the exact number of heterozygotes. To estimate allelic frequency of attached earlobes: Using the values of the frequencies of both the dominant and the recessive alleles that we obtained we can also calculate the frequency of the heterozygous genotype since the exact

Modelling Of 3 Phase Transmission Line Engineering Essay

Modelling Of 3 Phase Transmission Line Engineering Essay Transmission line is a medium to transmit electric energy from one place to another for long distances with the aim is to reduce and economically. Voltage, current, power and power factor are the main point must be considered at the sending end and receiving end. Typically, in Malaysia the overhead transmission line was used because cost and maintenance can be handle easily. As we know, the transmission line produced high strength of electric and magnetic field under the tower. Based on that, this project will modeling transmission line using Finite Element Method (FEM) focus on level voltage 275kV. The result of simulation of the transmission line model will analyze electric and magnetic field under transmission line tower. 2.0 Problem statement It is well known understand that the Transmission Line for 275kV produced high strength of electric and magnetic field under the tower. In other word, the field strength of electric field may create higher stress to the tower that may also tend to create high risk to the tower as well as to the insulator to be used. Another issue is how much tendency of magnetic field to be effect to the human and environment has be identified wisely. However, the real measurement under 275kV transmission line tower may give high risk. Therefore, the best idea is to carry out the information as mention above is by performing simulation study. 3.0 Objective To collect the 275kV Transmission Line specification. To model the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM) To simulate the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM) To analyze the electric magnetic field generated by the 275kV Transmission Line model 4.0 Scope The scope of this project are :- Specification is based on TenagaNasionalBerhad (TNB) 275kV Transmission Line. Transmission Line modelling using Finite Element Method (FEM) software. 5.0 Literature survey and project background AnÂÂ  electric power systemÂÂ  is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use electric power. The main parts of electric power system areÂÂ  generation, transmission system, distribution system and load. At generation part, to generate an electrical energy on large scale, energy must be generate from the various sources energy such as oil, natural gas and other. Then, the transmission system transmit or carries current that generate from generation and distribution system feeds electric to load such as consumer and industry. This project will discuss further about transmission line system.[1] 5.1 Transmission Line Transmission line or power line are important part in power network. Other than that, based on theory, transmission line also can be describe as propagation of electric waves along the transmission line. There are many factor must consider to design transmission line. Such as transmission voltage level, types of tower, environment and others. The transmission line also can be constructed in two ways, overhead transmission line and underground transmission line. 5.1.1 Underground Transmission Line In underground system, the cable must be selective because all conductor must be insulated in this system. Therefore, the voltage level for this system will below 66kV cause difficult to find insulation for high voltage. Underground transmission line usually use at crowded areas because the cable used preferred compare with overhead use bare conductor not suitable at that areas.[1] 5.1.2 Overhead Transmission Line Overhead transmission line usually use for transmit electric for over long distances. In this system, spacing between the tower and the conductor are very important cause to avoid an electric discharge between the conductors. The appropriate spacing between the conductor will produce insulation between them. This system also expose to fault such as short circuit, breakage of line and lightening. But it easy to troubleshoot and repair compare to underground transmission line. However, it difficult to find exact point of fault cause transmission line are very long. Other than that, between the tower and the conductor must have insulation to make the transmission more safety when do it maintenance. [1] 5.2 Types of Transmission Line Transmission line be separated two part AC transmission line voltage and High Voltage DC transmission line (HVDC). 5.2.1 High Voltage DC Transmission Line The main factor affecting the cost of energy increases is the process of transmission lines to transmit the power to the load away from power generation. To overcome this issue that is usually done AC transmission line is using HVDC transmission line. The HVDC transmission line requires conversion at two ends, from AC to DC at the sending end and back to AC at the receiving end. The converter are static using high power thyristors connected in series to give the required voltage ratings. The physical process of conversion is such that the same station can switch from rectifier to inverter by simple control action, thus facilitating power reversal.[2] Figure 5.2.1: Variation of costs with line length[4] Figure above show the variation of costs of transmission line with distance for AC and DC transmission. Based on figure, before break even distance, cost of AC transmission is reasonable and economical than DC transmission. Before the break even distance point, the distance is around 500 to 800 km, so after that point or longer distance HVDC transmission line more economical than AC transmission.[2] 5.2.2 AC Transmission Line Transmission line also can be classified into three types such as short transmission line, medium transmission line and long transmission line. For short transmission a length less than 80km, medium transmission between 80km until 240km and long transmission have length more 240km.[] Normally, the power grids also have three level of voltage; High voltage (HV), medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV). In Malaysia, based on fact from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), AC transmission line have standard voltage called National Grid. Below are standard voltage of AC transmission line:- i) 132kV ii) 275kV iii) 500kV 5.3 Modelling Transmission Line For this project focus on 275kV transmission line modelling. Before go through below some journal refer to this project. Based on journal titled Modelling and Analysing of a 275kV HVAC Transmission Line for Power System Transient Studies written by M. Z. A. Ab Kadir and C. Y Jay. In this journal, it discuss the efficiency and power losses of transmission line via the concept of travelling wave. This case study had be done at Kampung Awah- Paka, Terengganu. This paper was model transmission line using PSCAD/EMTDC software which they want analyze the efficiency between the frequency dependent model and PI-section model. Before design or model transmission line on simulation, this paper had consider three important parameter such as series resistance, series inductance and shunt capacitor. Based on tower information below, this paper obtained the parameter such as resistance, inductance and capacitance via calculation. From the information are given, Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) such as Table 1, design PI-section model. Line name KAWA-PAKA Tower type System Voltage Frequency Line length Conductor diameter Bundle spacing Ground to conductor height Horizontal spacing Vertical spacing Double circuit lattice Three phase 275kV 50Hz 160km 24.16mm 400mm 12630 7300mm 13000mm Table 5.3: Parameter of 275kV KAWA-PAKA lattice tower[1] After consider all parameter, this paper construct design PI-section model using PSCAD/EMTDC software for 160km an overhead transmission line. To model 160km an overhead transmission line, this paper used eight identical pi-sections are connected series which each PI-section represent 20km of transmission line. By terminating the surge impedance at the end of transmission line, the efficiency can be measure. Figure 5.3.1: Line surge impedance using PI-section model [1] For the frequency dependent model, this project used it as a reference cause it is the most accurate model. From this model also, we can learn the transient or harmonic behaviour of a line. Figure 2 show frequency dependent model. Figure 5.3.2 : Line surge impedance using frequency dependent model[1] Both model are carried out using three different test such as, short circuit test, open circuit test and line surge impedance test. Line surge impedance test is a real line with minimum losses and both other are used to demonstrate the behaviour of the travelling wave. Section Model % differences Pi-section Freq. Dependent Pi-section Freq. Dependent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 273.59 272.72 271.87 271.04 270.24 269.69 268.69 267.95 272.97 271.28 269.32 267.10 264.63 263.55 263.01 262.22 0.33 0.65 0.96 1.26 1.55 1.84 2.11 2.38 0.56 1.17 1.88 2.69 3.59 3.98 4.18 4.47 Table 5.4 : Summary of Pi-section and Frequency dependent model Result of output voltage of each 20km section are summarized in Table above. From the Table, result of this project show the output voltage of Pi-section model and Frequency Dependent model are approximately same. In the real transmission line system, we expect voltage level before step up or step down at substation are maintain. Based on Table above, compare the output voltage of the Frequency dependent low than Pi section because the frequency dependent model consider all losses such as hysteresis, corona effect, eddy current losses in nearby ferromagnetic materials and induced losses in nearby short circuited non ferromagnetic material while Pi-section model only consider proximity effect and skin effect. Conclude from that, the efficiency both model are acceptable and approximately same. An efficiency percentage for Pi-section model is 97.6% and Frequency dependent model 95.5%. This project successful in modelled Pi-section model using PSCAD/EDMTC software and analyzed by compare with Frequency dependent model.[3] Second journal titled Power Flow Assesment in Transmission Lines using Simulink Model with UPFC written by Ch. Chengajah and R. V. S.Satyanarayana. This paper discuss about the performance of a single and double transmission line system (6.6/22)kV using UPFC or without UPFC model. UPFC is a Unified Power Flow Controller which it can improve capability of power transfer or in other word to provide comprehensive control of power flow in transmission system.[4] This paper model the transmission line using Simulink to connected with UPFC model. Figure below show the transmission line model with UPFC device by using Simulink. From the figure show the double circuit 22kV and 6.6kV interconnected with UPFC model. UPFC device function to control voltage profile as the real and reactive power in the transmission line.[4] Figure5.3.2: Transmission line model with UPFC device[4] Table below show the result of power flow and voltage profile transmission line model with UPFC and without UPFC. Parameter 6.6kV Line 22kV Line Without UPFC With UPFC Without UPFC With UPFC Voltage magnitude(kV) 2.926 2.961 9.754 5.162 Real Power(MW) 0.274 0.281 3.050 0.854 Reactive Power(Mvar) 0.205 0.210 2.280 0.639 Table 5.5: Result power flow and voltage profile[4] Based on table above, this paper compare three parameter such as voltage magnitude, real power and reactive power. From that, an improvement can see for both transmission line when interconnect with UPFC. From that, this paper suggest improvement in transmission line system.[4] 5.5 Summary Based on both journal discussed different step to model transmission line. For first journal, using PSCAD software, the paper make comparison efficiency between PI-section model and Frequency Dependent model. The paper construct by consider parameter such as resistance, inductance and capacitor to model transmission line. Then, PI-section model had been construct which each PI-model represent 20km. The simulation had be done not like real transmission line system but result at end of experiment approximately same. Figure 5.3.1: Line surge impedance using PI-section model [3] For second journal, it use MATLAB/SIMULINK software to model transmission line. This paper discuss about function Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in transmission system to improve voltage and power profile. This paper also consider value parameter such as resistance, inductance and capacitor to construct the model. Figure 5.5 22kV Transmission Line Simulink Model[2] Figure 5.5 above show example 22kV transmission line simulink model. At this end of this paper show result comparison between transmission line system with and without Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). Therefore, this project propose to use Finite Element Method(FEM) to model transmission line. This project will model transmission line like a real transmission line using specification Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). This project focus on 275kV HVAC transmission line and will model like real tower for 275kV transmission line. Besides that, significant of this project also can see electric and magnetic field at transmission line. From that, this project analyze further about effect electric field and magnetic field to human and environment. 6.0 Methodology Start Collect the 275kV Transmission Line specification. Model the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM) Troubleshooting simulation Simulate the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM) Results Electric field and magnetic field Analyze the electric magnetic field generated by the 275kV Transmission Line model End Figure 6.0: Flow chart of Final Year Project 6.1 Collect the 275kV Transmission Line specification. In this process, the specification of data of 275kV tower in Malaysia is needed to be collect from TNB (Tenaga Nasional Berhad). The data that need to be collect is the tower height from ground level, the distance between phase to ground, the distance between phase to phase, and distance between ground wire to phase. Other than that, types and size conductor that used for 275kV also need to collect. 6.2 Model the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM) Based on data collection, model transmission lines tower with the conductor such as specification that used by TNB using Finite Element Method (FEM). 6.3 Simulate the 275kV Transmission Line using Finite Element Method (FEM). For this step, simulate the model transmission line 275kV that construct before using Finite Element Method (FEM). 6.4 Results Electric field and magnetic field The expected result are to modelling transmission lines using new method using FEM. Other than that, this project also expected to produce electric field and magnetic field at transmission lines from one point to next point. 6.5 Analyze the electric magnetic field generated by the 275kV Transmission Line Analyze the electric magnetic field around transmission line 275kV model based on display from simulation. 7.0 Expected Results/Benefit The result of this project should be able to design transmission line model using Finite Element Method (FEM) where the model must satisfied 275kV transmission line specification from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). The model are include electric field and magnetic field. From that, analyze the result based on electric field and magnetic field around the transmission line model. This project will develop new method and new software to model transmission line with electric field and magnetic field by using Finite Element Method (FEM) from ANSYS Maxwell. 8.0 Milestones Task Date expectation Complete literature review on the design of Three Phase Transmission Line including the characteristic needed in design modeling. Nov 2012 Complete search and collect data of 275kV transmission line Jan 2013 Complete analyze the function of Finite Element Method to calculate the magnetic field and electric field. March 2013 Complete design optimization April 2013 Complete testing model with different parameter and analyze May 2013 Final report writing (including paper/journal writing) and presentation June 2013

Compassion and God’s Self-Revelation

Compassion is a compound word, formed by putting up the words â€Å"co† and â€Å"passion† together, which literally means â€Å"together† and â€Å"strong feeling,† respectively. As such, the word â€Å"compassion† literally mans having a strong feeling about the other. It may be considered feeling a strong emotion over the predicaments of others, feeling for their pain, or their loss. It may also call for works that may eliminate or at least decrease the pain. Compassion is mostly manifested by acts of kindness like sharing, giving comfort or consolation, and extending sympathy and genuine concern (Dhammika). Compassion may be considered as the best thing one can extend to another person as all its manifestations are the best in human beings. It leads to the presentation of aspects of man that may be considered as God’s likeness. As such, it may be considered as a way for God’s self-revelation to his people (Dhammika). Different to God’s self revelation to Moses during the olden days, where the Israelites were committing idolatry while Moses was talking to God at Mt. Sinai, God’s modern day self revelation may not happen on the spiritual low points in mankind’s history. It may actually happen when man’s spirituality is at its all-time high (Laney 37). As compassion leads to actions that are based on the teachings of Jesus and other prophets of Gods, it may then be considered as the manifestations of the existence of God. An existence that is although different from the great burning bush in the time of Moses, still brings warmth to the hearts of his people especially to those who badly needs them (Laney 37). In addition, since compassion brings all the kindness of humanity and as man is told to be created from God’s likeness, then it may prove that through compassion extended by an individual to another man shows, ultimately, he may be showing that facet of humanity that is that of God’s as well. This may be God’s self-revelation through his own people towards some of his people who may not yet be believers of his existence. Therefore, it may be concluded that compassion or that strong feeling towards another’s suffering leads to acts that are considered righteous even by other religions. It may show man’s true nature. As he was created from God’s likeness and God is considered to be the kindest God, then man must show God’s existence through his kind acts. As such, God uses his people’s compassion as a key to his self-revelation.

Probation: Crime and P.o Officer Essay

Probation is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States. Probation is define as a court – ordered- deposition alternative in which an offender is placed under the control, supervision and care By a P.O officer. Do I think it’s fair for a defendant to plead guilty and take probation to avoid imprisonment? I think it depends on the seriousness of the crime and what the charges are. A person can’t plead guilty of a crime unless it is offered by a prosecutor, and there is usually a reason why it is offered. If one is really innocent of a crime I don’t see the reason why they would agree to plead guilty and take probation. Pleading guilty and taking probation is a good and bad idea at the same time because what if a person who is being convicted of a crime is really innocent, but yet has no choice but to plead guilty just so they can skip the incarceration and lessen their sentence. I think it’s unfair only when coming to someone who in fact did do the crime but yet was given the chance of pleading guilty and taking probation to avoid prison sentence. I think it is unfair to the victim’s family because for example a man kills a mother and child but yet he was given the chance to plead guilty just so he can have a lesser time, it is unfair to the victim’s family because sweet justice did not prevail. I think that probation is a win or lose situation because when a person violate their probation they can be sent to jail to serve the rest of their time. When one is granted probation there are many rules that they have to follow one of these rules is to not commit any crime while they are on probation, if this rule is not satisfied by the offender they will be sent to jail and also be charge for the newer offense which they will get additional years. The various factors that should be consider when granting probation is the offender criminal history. A person with no criminal history has a way better chance of been given the chance to plead guilty and take probation than someone who has a far worst criminal history. The judge also considers the nature of the current offense. For example a person convicted of chopping a person feet off is less likely to obtain probation than a person who was driving while intoxicated and no accident was caused. Another thing to be considered is whether probation is particular in that particular case, and whether the service that the offender requires will be acquired while incarcerated or under probation and will they be harm to the community. There are many crimes in New York City where probation is given like substance abuse; Arson, robbery, harassment, criminal mischief, and many more crimes which are considered misdemeanor. I think that imprisonment should be considered for all of these except substance abused only when it is being abused by the offender instead of selling the drug itself. If the offender sells the drug I think he falls under the category of imprisonment. All these offenses can lead to a more serious crime. People who commit these crimes should spend some months behind bars so they can learn a valued lesson instead of getting a slap on the risk by being able to plead guilty and be given probation. Everyone deserve a chance to change but only if they are innocent or a juvenile, for adults I think they should not be given probation or to plead guilty to crimes that they did actually commit.

Homosexuality as a norm of a society Essays

Homosexuality as a norm of a society Essays Homosexuality as a norm of a society Paper Homosexuality as a norm of a society Paper Both homosexuality and heterosexuality behaviors are common throughout human societies (and in many other species), with all cultures regulating the conditions under which they are allowed. In many of Papua New Guinea’s indigenous societies, for example, males are expected to engage exclusively in homosexual behavior for several years during adolescence (data are generally lacking for female sexual behavior in these cultures). Later, they are expected to marry a female and engage in heterosexual behaviors with her. In some of these societies, adult males regularly return to homosexual behavior to initiate new generations of adolescent boys. Thus, appropriate male sexual behavior is defined according to the individual’s age and societal events (e. g. the occurrence of rituals in which older males are called upon to initiate adolescents). In several tribal societies there have existed masculinization rituals in which the semen of adult men was imparted to or ingested by young boys so that the latter would develop into warriors. In Greek pederasty, the older men played the role of mentor in the sexual and civic development of the adolescent boy into full manhood (John P. De Cecco, 1995). People arrive at a homosexual identity through various routes. Some individuals, for example, identify as gay only after multiple homosexual experiences, while others form a gay identity entirely on the basis of their romantic attractions without having engaged in homosexual behaviors. Not all people with homosexual attractions develop a gay or lesbian identity, and not all people who identify themselves as gay engage in homosexual acts. Many men, for example, regularly have sex with other men but never label themselves as gay or bisexual. An increasing number of employers, organizations and local governments now offer same-sex â€Å"domestic partners† some of the same benefits that they give heterosexual married couples. And same-sex couples now enjoy legal recognition in the Scandinavian countries and in other countries. Since the early 1990s, growing numbers of lesbians and gay men have chosen to become parents, often in the situation of a committed same-sex relationship. Although there is no scientific basis or claims that lesbians will not make good mothers or gay men will not make good fathers, gay parents have often met with resentment from the conservative segments of society and have ever been denied custody of their own children. Nevertheless, lesbian and gay families are increasingly common. Yet another phenomenon encompassed in â€Å"homosexuality† in the United States (and many other societies) is minority group membership. In the twentieth century, society increasingly came to regard gay people as a minority group, and individuals sharing a gay or lesbian identity developed visible communities similar to ethnic, religious, and cultural minorities. Empirical research indicates that gay men and lesbians in the Unites States manifest greater psychological and social adjustment to the extent that they identify with and feel part of a community (Raymond J Corsini, 2001). Prison sexuality The structure of the prison environment makes prison sexuality a unique focus for research. When inmates enter prison society, they lose many of their basic human rights. One of this is privacy. Privacy is compromised within the prison system because the prison is a â€Å"total institution. † Prison is an unnatural environment because it deprives the individual of fundamental rights, possessions, experiences, and relationships. Sex is prohibited because of this condition; prisons inherently create conflict because they are dominating institutions. The most recent research on the prison sexual hierarchy came from a study of three male prisons in Oklahoma conducted by Hensley in 1998-1999. Inmates discussed that there were three â€Å"traditional† sexual roles found in male prisons (wolves, fags, punks). There are also subcategories within both the wolf and fag roles. Inmates labeled the two subcategories of wolves as the â€Å"aggressive wolf† and the nonaggressive wolf. † The aggressive wolf was depicted as someone of African American descent who was both physically and verbally â€Å"tough. † These inmates entered prison with a heterosexual orientation and maintained their masculinity by sexually assaulting younger, weaker inmates (punks). Raping a punk had more to do with power than sex. Non-aggressive wolves (or â€Å"teddy bears†), on the other hand, typically did not sexually assault their sex partners. But somehow they sought sexual relationships with other inmates (â€Å"fish† or â€Å"closet gays†) who were willing to engage in consensual homosexual activity while in prison. They tended to be Caucasian men who entered prison with a heterosexual identity and maintained their masculine role by participating in active role during sex. However, when asked about their current sexual orientation, over half of the nonaggressive wolves answered that they were now bisexual. Therefore, many of these inmates – because of the lack of heterosexual sex in prison – had changed their self – impression regarding their sexual orientation. The two subcategories of fags, on the other hand, included fish and the closet gays. Fish were typically African American males who took on a feminine role and appearance. They wore make-up, displayed female mannerisms, and took on female nicknames. Fish entered into prison life homosexual and maintained their homosexual identity, by assuming the passive role during sexual activity. Closet gays were typically Caucasian males who entered prison with a â€Å"hidden† homosexual identity. They have the ability to take on both the active and passive role during sexual activity. They did, however, try to maintain masculine appearances and mannerisms (Hensley, 2002).

jones essays

jones essays From the readings in this class there was one sentence that I thought could be compared to a work of art. The past is never there waiting to be discovered, to be recognized for exactly what it is.. I believe this has a correlation with the Cave painting in Lascaux, France. The Cavemen made these paintings hidden deeply in caves far away from where anyone else could see them. These hidden paintings that were found in the 1940s will always be a mystery. What were their thoughts and reasoning behind the paintings? Back in September 1940, sixty years ago, four teenagers traveling the hills of Perigord, in search of a passageway of local folklore, stumbled across an entrance to a cave. The entrance had been sealed for around 15,000 years. Simon Coencas, Georges Agnel, Marcel Ravidat, Jacques Marsal, found the hidden cave art of the past. The boys did not have equipment to search the caves so they decided to return the next day. Returning with equipment they explored the cave. Prehistoric paintings of deer, bison, and other animals covered the walls. The news of Lascaux traveled fast and the cave was accessible to the public. People came from all over the world to see the cave. The heavy traffic of visitors and change of atmosphere caused the colors and details of the art to fade and almost disappear. The once perfectly preserved, highly detailed prehistoric mural paintings could have been ruined by the large numbers of people going through the cave. In 1963, the cave was closed from public viewing. Only scientists could go into the cavesof Lascaux. Nowadays the cave has been returned to its initial state before discovery. It is now watched from a remote location by the Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques. They record the slightest difference in hygrometry, temperature, and carbon dioxide gas. The cave paintings of Lascaux were discoved in the mid 1900s in France. These ...

Contemporary Art Form Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Contemporary Art Form - Research Paper Example The paper "Contemporary Art Form Paper" discovers the Contemporary Art. There is overwhelming consensus among the general populations of the world that the American invasion of Iraq in 2003 and its continued occupation of the country under dire civil turmoil, is both unwarranted and immoral. This is testified by the massive public demonstrations (in the United States and the rest of the world) that was witnessed as soon as war plans were announced in early 2003. The violation felt by the general public is such that the protests continues to this day, which is most visible in the blogosphere and alternative media commentary. In this backdrop, some creative artists in the United States and elsewhere have tried to employ various art forms to register their protest. The recently inaugurated play by Karen Malpede, titled Prophecy takes the audience into the heart of the Iraq war. It explores the complex web of links between various sections of civil society when a region is militarily int ervened. Starring such stalwart actors as Kathleen Chalfant, Andre de Shields and George Bartenieff, the play brings out the far-reaching consequence of any war and underscores the chaos and disruption that attends it. If not directly being didactic about wars of all sorts, the play subtly implies the futility of war. Indeed, the anti-war message from the theatre community has been so resonant in the last decade that a thematic anthology was published recently. â€Å"Acts of War: Iraq and Afghanistan in Seven Plays†,

Discussion 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Discussion 4 - Essay Example uring his era for revolutionizing the painting style with his style that was definitive, darkening the shadows and transfixing the subject in a blinding shaft of light. Caravaggio pioneered the method of acute observation of physical and psychological reality in his subjects as the foundation of all the paintings he was commissioned to do. He proved that it was possible to work speedily on a painting. He finished painting the Sistine Chapel, his most notable work still in existence, in a matter of 7 years. He was an expert at working with live models and was frowned upon by his peers because he preferred to paint directly on the canvass rather than drawing sketches on paper and working from those models for the final product. This was a unique skill of Caravaggio that at the time was considered to be detrimental to an artists masterpiece or commissioned work. However, Caravaggio proved his detractors wrong, creating his masterpieces exactly how he saw them, directly on the canvass. Your description of a typical reinassance painting is highly accurate and was obviously well researched. I am in agreement with you regarding the influence of Florentine painters over this particular era of the arts. However, you failed to fully or even partially discuss the actual influences in the painting style of Giotto di Bondone. Although his style was later on classified as Renaissance, there is no information as to which particular aspects of the art form can directly be attributed to him. My research actually shows that there were other artists from the same era who pioneered the same style so it may be likely that Bondone should not be ascribed to as the Father of Reinassance Art. Overall, you presented a very interesting discussion. You failed to present what it was that made the Reinassance Art era special. How these drawings and paintings were defined by the artists of their time and why these became part of the basis of modern art. You did not point out the method by

Provide adequate background to the Retail Supervisor job at Warwick Essay

Provide adequate background to the Retail Supervisor job at Warwick Castle - Essay Example rmance standards to be achieved, Working conditions and possible hazards, Number of employees performing the job and to whom they report to, the machines and equipment used on the job. As far as the job description contains sufficient information it should not give too much detailed information of how the work is going to be performed so that it can remain useful when that type of job acquires minor changes. This includes the job title, the department, the reporting relationship, a job number or code. A good tittle should closely approximate the nature of the work content and will distinguish that job from others. The job analysis date is placed on the job description to help in identifying job changes that would make the description obsolete. It is recommended that to place an expiry date on the document because this practice ensures periodic review of job content and minimizes the number of obsolete job description. This part helps to locate the job in the organization by indicating the job immediately below or above it in the job hierarchy. It also gives an idea of the vertical relationships of work flows and procedures. Person specification is a written record of the requirements sought in an individual worker for a given job. It refers to a summary of the personal characteristics required for a job. It is a statement of the minimum acceptable human qualities necessary for the proper performance of a job. Items included in the job specification are factors that can be shown to be job related such as educational requirements, experience, personality traits and physical abilities. It is important as it keeps interviewers attention on list of necessary qualification and assists to determine whether candidates are essential qualified. The description below entails a person specification for a retail supervisor job at Warwick Castle. The supervisor should also be a true role model, able to coach his team effectively to achieve success-this should be done by

Slavery In France Essay Example for Free

Slavery In France Essay The issue of slavery has been a major point of debate in the history of man. The rights of African slaves during the Enlightenment and the French Revolution created controversies arose over the issue of slavery. People living in France during the Enlightenment and revolutionary times had debated that slavery was needed in order for France to avoid an economic shock, slavery should end, slaves needed rights, and slaves were better off being slaves than free. Men hadargued that slavery was needed in order for France to stay afloat. A delegate from Bordeuax had stated in a speech in the National Assembly that the abolition of slavery and the slave trade would mean the loss of our coloniesthe colonies bring in an annual income of more than 200 million livres. (Doc 10) Being a delegate, he would most likely try to do his best to persuade the National Assembly for the people he is representing. On the same issue, Antoine Barnavem, a french orator, also reports to the National Assemblys Committee on the Colonies that France has reached this level of prosperity thanks to our colonies. Barnave also states that if the colonies would someday gain independence, France would have to prepare a backup plan to lose them without an economic shock and without a disturbance to our political existence. (Doc 14) War also seemed to affect the number of slaves brought by French ships, shown by a bar graph that stated the number of slaves delivered had gone up by eight times as much in a time period of less than 100 years (Doc 11). On the other side, others had stated that slaves had rights like any other man, and that slavery should be abolished. Louis de Jaucourt, being a philosophe, uses the views of many others to state that slaves should be treated like regular humans. He states that we can not take away fro ma person that natural dignity which is liberty. (Doc 1) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a philosophe like Jaucourt, dislikes slavery, debating that seeing one-fourth of my fellow humans changed into beasts for the service of others, I have grieved to be a human. (Doc 3) Jacques Necker likewise states that slaves have been made a barbaric object of trade. (Doc 8) Count Mirabeau believed that slaves deserved their rights, saying that I demand to know how the twenty White people here from the colonies can be said to represent the people of color from whom they have received no authority. (Doc 9) Maximilien Robespierre, a major radical, also shares the view of these men, believing that slaves should be free men no matter what cost and that he does not share any interest of the colonies, whether they help France stay up or not. (Doc 15) Voltaire had commented that slaves are what satiate the needs of luxuries from the folk of France, things unknown to our ancestors. Finally, Olympe de Gouges stated that the color of ones skin should not differentiate the two. Why destroy natures work? The remaining folk had tried to debate that slaves are better off than living back in their homeland. A delegate from the Owners of Property in the French Colonies of America Residing in Bordeaux had stated that the French have saved the slaves from the cruelest slavery and had stationed them under a kind of humane government where they live without fear for tomorrow. (Doc 13) The assumption that slaves would think this with the feedback theyve given makes for an uneducated point. Guillaume Raynal agrees with the delegates statement, commentating that the colonies that the slaves are working on have a climate that White people are incapable of working in, and that to make the best of this precious soil, it has been necessary to find a particular species of laborers. (Doc 6) The slaves are simply being seen as tools for the fields, controlled by the government. Louis de Jaucourt stated that masters who acquired new slaves were obligated by law them instructed in the Catholic faith. In return, this had convinced Louis XIII to authorize this horrid commerce in human flesh. This practice was only used to simply boost the number of Catholics in the world. DDenis Diderot, a philosophe, asks Why did the Christian powers not consider that their religion was fundamentally opposed to black slavery? He answers this in saying that the nations that condone slavery needed slaves for their colonies, plantations, and mines. The unfortunate blending of slavery and a nations economy creates an unstable situation of morals and brutality.

Comparing the Theme of Self-Discovery in Demian and Siddhartha Essay

   Literature reflects many aspects   of human nature.   It can be seen as a collection of mankind's thoughts.   The intangible is transformed from brainwave patterns to ink patterns.   What leads to the writing of literature varies from author to author.  Ã‚   In the case of Hermann Hesse, it was his personal experiences in life.   In the novels Demian and Siddhartha, Hermann Hesse was influenced by Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, both psycho-analysts.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A personal crisis, which caused Hesse to undergo psycho-analysis with Dr. J.B. Lang, led to the writing of Demian in 1919.   His fascination with Eastern cultures and his trip to India in 1922 directly resulted in the creation of the novel Siddhartha.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The fundamental theme of self-discovery is evident in both novels.   Self-discovery involves developing the mind,   experiencing life, obtaining wisdom, learning about oneself, coming to an understanding and acceptance of this, and by the end, discovering one's identity.   This theme of self-discovery was important to Hesse because he experienced similar events in life.   He was born in Germany in 1877 and raised in a Protestant household with expectations to follow in the footsteps of his forefathers and become a missionary.   He did not wish to do so, partly because he was interested in Eastern religions.   This personal crisis of the questioning of fundamental beliefs deeply affected Hesse.   In Demian he writes, "There is only one true vocation for everybody - to find the way to himself." (Hesse, Demian, 1989, p.120)   Through his struggles, he found that the road to self-discovery could only be experienced firsthand and could not be e... ...ld Literature. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1972.    13. Timpe, Eugene F. "Hesse's Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita". Comparative Literature, V.22 No.4 , 1970.    14. Walter, Soreil. Hermann Hesse The Man Who Sought and Found Himself. London: Oswald Wolff, 1974.    15. Wast, R.W. (Ed.). Modern German Authors New Series. (Vol.2).    16. Benet's Readers Encyclopedia Third Edition.   Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1987.    17. "Hesse, Hermann". The New Encyclopedia Britannica Micropedia, (Vol. 5),   Ã‚  Toronto: Encyclopedia   Britannica, Inc., 1990, p. 899.    18. "Nirvana". The World Book Encyclopedia, (Vol.14).   Ã‚  Toronto: World Book, Inc., 1987, p.332-333.    19. Twentieth Century Authors. New York: The H.W. Wilson Company, 1942.    20. The Works of Hermann Hesse. Toronto: The Publishing Company Ltd., 1980.      

Market Research Report Energy and Sports Drink Market Growth in Asia Essay

The changing consumer preferences, demand for functional beverages, increasing awareness towards healthy lifestyles and growing urban population in Asia would be the major factors that would drive the market in coming years. An increasing awareness towards healthy lifestyles has led to a transition in the taste and preferences of people in Asia. The young urban population has been the target customer for energy and sports drink brands in this region. The energy and sports drinks are majorly consumed by professional sports people, gym goers and by working professionals and students that require a special beverage in order to boost their energy and stay active. â€Å"The increasing participation of the health conscious people in sports and fitness activities has greatly impacted the growth trend of sports and energy drink market in Asia. The young population aged 25-35 years represents a potential group of customers for the energy and sports drink manufacturers in the region. † – According to the research report ‘Asia Energy and Sports Drink Market Outlook to 2017’ by Ken Research. The increasing media exposure towards sporting events on television has captured the attention of people, which in turn has encouraged the youth to adopt sports as a profession or as a hobby. This has impelled the growth of sports drinks in Asian countries over the last few years. Sports drinks market in Asia is dominated by famous brands such as Gatorade, Powerade and Pocari Sweat. Red Bull majorly has dominated the energy drink market in the region. Red Bull has effectively maintained a strong distribution channel in various countries in Asia such as in India, China, Japan, Thailand and in South Korea. The energy and sports drink market is anticipated to be driven by the growing trend of health and fitness is expected to create significant demand in Asian countries. The consumer expenditure on food and non-alcoholic beverages is expected to surge in the region owing to the rise in disposable incomes of the people. The rising awareness about fitness and health benefits among the people in the region will encourage more people to join fitness and sports clubs which will drive the demand and consumption of energy and sports drink in the coming years. The report provides detailed overview on the energy and sports drink market in Asia and help reader to identify the ongoing trends in the key segments of the industry and anticipated growth in future depending upon changing industry dynamics in coming years. The report will aid industry consultants, food and beverage service companies and marketing companies and other stakeholders to align their market centric strategies according to ongoing and expected trends in future. For More Details Please Click On Following Link: http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/asia-energy-and-sports-drink-market-research-report/429-104. html http://www. kenresearch. com/press/news-asia-energy-and-sports-drink-market/211. html Related Links: http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/japan-energy-and-sports-drink-market-research-report/432-104.html http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/south-korea-energy-and-sports-drink-market-research-report/433-104. Html http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/india-energy-and-sports-drink-market-research-report/431-104. html http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/thailand-energy-and-sports-market-research-report/434-104. html http://www. kenresearch. com/agriculture-food-beverages/beverages/china-energy-and-sports-drink-market-research-report/430-104. html.

UPS: Business Strategy

The United Parcel Service has been in business since 1907. Over 100 years of delivery services must be a result of a certain method of management and business that has allowed them such success over time. What type of structure do they use within the workplace to manage the flow of packages? What promotion system do they use and how does it affect employees' commitment to work? What type of organizational design does UPS use to manage its employees?These are all questions I would like to answer in terms of UPS' management structure to determine how they eve been successful for so long. Table of Contents 1. Title Page – Page 1 2. Abstract – Page 2 3. Table of Contents – Page 3 4. Section 1: UPS Enterprise – Page 4 5. Section 2: Management Functions – Page 6 6. Section 3: Analysis – Page 12 7. References – Page 13 8. References (Count. ) – Page 14 Section 1: UPS Enterprise Starting as a small messenger company in 1907, UPS, short for United Parcel Service, has grown into a massive publicly traded company today.Their management structure today consists of a management committee to oversee the entire company. The committee consists of the usual CEO, SCOFF, and COO (Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer). Beneath each of them is a tree of management. UPS employs a Human Relations department which deals with ethical decisions for the company and how employees will be treated. They also employ engineering department which determines the flow of packages every day (UPS, 2014). They determine what the manning needs to be for each building to run efficiently every night.They also determine how many packages each building needs to process every day in order to run efficiently and effectively. The operations management section is clearly the muscle of the operation. They are the ones who determine how they are going to get the plan set by the engineering department completed. Th e operations department has many tiers of management stretching all the way down to the front line of package handlers. UPS also practices hiring from within as many of UPS' Coo's have started all the way from the bottom of the company.Some logistics regarding the company begin with the fact that UPS employs approximately 407,000 people across the world, with 348,000 of them within the United States (Statistics Brain, 2014). UPS has grown to offer many different methods of package shipment. Today they offer services such as Next Day Air, 2nd Day Air, Ground and even Sonic Air. Next Day Air being their primary source of revenue among the other methods of shipment. Sonic Air is a method not known to many because of its extremely high cost.Sonic Air allows you to ship to anywhere in the fastest time possible at an extremely high cost. UPS has gained a very large share of the market with approximately 7. 9 million customers using their services daily to ship over 15 million packages dai ly across the world. UPS has developed new improvements frequently with their $53. Billion revenue every year. UPS' world headquarters is in Atlanta, Georgia, with many other regional headquarters around the world in each of the major continents (UPS, 2014). UPS has created a operational layout which resembles their management layout.They use major hubs across the world to process the majority of the packages, which are then loaded onto trucks and distributed to smaller hubs to be delivered to the communities. UPS and Feeds are strong competitors, both ruling the courier service industry. The companies do have their differences though, as Feeds is not a unionized company. UPS is a larger company, although Feeds does operate through the air far more than UPS, but UPS has a stronger ground presence. According to revenue statistics, UPS brings in about $53. 1 billion per year compared to Feeder's $42. Billion, which translates to $5. 9 and $3. 7 billion in profits respectively. Feeds a lso employs approximately 100,000 people less than UPS yearly, which factors into the profits. Overall, UPS has the higher market share, holding a 46%-50% share of the entire domestic market, compared to Feeder's 49% market share on express packages only. In essence, Feeds specializes in express shipments to make a profit, while UPS does everything to include ground and air shipments (Differ, 2013). UPS focuses heavily on businesses as primary clients.UPS actually has a program for all employees which allows workers to get contracts from any businesses around to use UPS' services. Gaining a contract makes UPS money and is an incentive for employees because UPS will pay them a portion of the contract. Overall, UPS is the most dominating force in the courier services industry in the world, making them a very successful business. Section 2: Management Planning is of the utmost importance at UPS, it is the difference between a failing company and success. The United Parcel Service emplo ys industrial engineers at every hub across the world.Their Job is the do all the behind the scenes work to maximize profit and create the most efficient workplace possible. They also incorporate other departments within the company which all account for certain aspects of the success the company has had. Departments such as Finance, Marketing, Industrial Engineering, Operations, and Human Resources are some of the primary reasons for the company's continued success. Financially, UPS is one of the more successful companies in America, and is the most successful in the courier services industry.Financial analysts with UPS have made the company very â€Å"liquid†, meaning they have high flexibility. They are gaining working capital and assets faster as they continue to pay off debt. This working capital goes towards the development of innovations to better the progress and efficiency of the company. From 2005 to 2010, UPS was gaining working capital at a gaining rate of 28% per year. According the financial model, UPS is running a system hat focuses on runs largely on existing equity and splitting the remaining capital on debt and liabilities.They continue to invest profits on working capital to better the company as a whole (Shah, 2010). UPS does focus on marketing in some regards, although they let their products do the marketing for them the majority of the time. UPS does more than Just ship packages, they also develop products such as Barbados scanning systems which get the UPS name out. They have made themselves accessible across almost any medium possible. You can reach UPS via phone, internet, in-person, through UPS drivers, at strutting centers, and retail locations. Having the company so readily accessible really promotes the use of the company for shipping needs.They price competitively, which gives them an advantage with consumers because they are so easily accessible compared to competitors (Shah, 2010). Industrial Engineering is the brain of the operational side of UPS. Millions and millions of packages come through UPS' hubs every day, without Industrial Engineers working behind the scenes it would be nothing more than a giant flow of packages. This department analyzes the intake of packages for each of their respective hubs. They allocate how many workers need to work on each shift for the hub to be efficient and come out positive based on how many expected packages.They also plan for the expected amount of packages for each shift. They have to take into account all of the factors in this determination. Holiday times are the toughest for this department. Often they have to hire â€Å"seasonal† employees to add additional man hours for the holiday flow, called â€Å"peak season†. In 2013, UPS had a major strategic planning failure during the holiday season due to lack of man power. The engineers at the head of he company failed to make correct predictions about the flow of packages that would be coming th rough the system that holiday season.UPS planned to hire an additional 55,000 employees that holiday season, while also leasing an additional 23 airplanes to accommodate next day air shipments in order to make â€Å"before Christmas day' delivery promises (Leonard, 2013). Clearly this was under planned as Christmas day rolled around and many packages were still stalled in the hubs across America forcing managers of the hubs to work hours on Christmas day and Christmas Eve, which are normally holidays for UPS employees (Banker, 2013).This goes to show how important the Industrial Engineers in UPS actually are to the company. They are paid to make the overall operations plan every day of the year, which are then carried out by the operations managers. The operations side of UPS is the muscle of the entire organization. This the department that has to perform in order for the company to be successful. These are the workers that consumers deal with on a daily basis. Planning for this d epartment is done mostly by the Industrial Engineering department, although they can deviate from the plan as necessary.One thing the operations depart works on with planning s how many managers they think they will need in order to get the most from their hourly work force. Integrating airline, ground, and warehouse operations is key to the success of the mission of UPS. Customer service is the greatest advertising tool that UPS has, and the operations department is in control of this as they are the ones out and about working on the front lines. Finally, UPS utilizes a Human Resources department for planning that deals with hiring employees.With UPS' vast network of employees, it is the HER department that is key to keeping these employees happy and satisfied enough to continue to work art for the company and keep the turnover rate low. Once the II department determines how many employees will need to be hired for peak seasons, it's the HER department that is in charge of hiring t hose employees in time for the season. Planning for the HER department is integral for the happiness and productivity of employees. Organization I think UPS has done a brilliant Job in the way they have designed the company to manage itself.Instead of having one large chain of command, UPS has one CEO, but many different departments and many different levels. UPS has its large hubs, which all compete against each other. Hubs like Chicago and Louisville are some of the largest. These hubs flow millions of packages through them every single day, but they wouldn't be able to do that if they didn't have smaller hubs throughout the country. The design allows for the packages to flow into the major hubs throughout the country, and then they distribute them by freight to the smaller hubs, which then load them on to package cars and deliver them out to houses.UPS also utilizes a Human Relations department which takes care of all their recruitment procedures as well as other areas such as sa fety. Finally, they use an engineering department which goes all the behind the scenes work for UPS (Drake, 2012). They project how many packages each building will receive that day and take all things into account such as holidays and what not. They also determine how many people need to be hired to maintain efficiency and effective working methods. These three departments work as their own entities, but collaborate to reach the main goal.When working with the design of the company managers need to consider the fluidity of their design. Because UPS focuses largely on timeliness, their organization for the company needs to also maintain a fluid design which allows for the packages o easily flow through the system. I think UPS has maintained this type of design through the departments which they have installed in the organization. All departments work together but separate, which allows them to do their own work but unloads some of the work from other areas and allows each area to pu t more focus into what they do.Knowing someone who used to work for UPS, I can tell you they are very precise and fluid with their design. He worked in the management side of operations. Every day the engineers would show up in the morning to plan the day for the afternoon shifts. High level managers for the afternoon shifts would come in after lunch and begin to put the plans into action. Following them, the lower level managers would come in to prepare for the day after being briefed by their managers. Hourly employees were given a specific â€Å"start time† for each day when they would show up to work.They also had a â€Å"downtime† which dictates when the building should be completely done sorting packages into their correct destinations. If everything worked correctly, the building would be efficient for that night. The fluid motions of the company are what keep them successful and efficient. One thing I thought was interesting is that the department who plans out the routes for the delivery drivers try to plan routes that use as many right turns as possible, eliminating the wait at stop lights as much as possible. This kind of planning and organization is key to the success of the company.Leadership UPS practices promotion from within to maintain motivated employees. One longstanding principal within UPS management is that promoting the workers that are already within your company is the way to keep the company in good standing. It always gives employees something to strive for and look forward to. The current CEO, Scott Davis, was originally absorbed by UPS when they bought out his previous company. He worked his way up to being a UPS CEO, although he did not start all the way at the bottom like many leaders within the company.One thing UPS does to push employees to stay with them is they offer health insurance to all part time employees who have been with them for over a year. In this day and age, something like that is extremely hard to come across. They also offer $1 5,000 in tuition assistance for part time employees, thus encouraging student to get their degree. All of this is the season they choose to promote from within. They invest a lot of time and money into their lower level employees so that they can get their education and begin to move up the UPS employment ladder.They strongly believe in filling gaps in upper management with employees who already know the system and have been at the level of those guys beneath them (UPS Earn & Learn, 2014). Motivating current employees to do better creates a sense of pride within the company, which in turn creates better leaders. Communication between the leaders of the company comes once again from the management committee that UPS uses. Orders start from the top of the organization and trickle down through the management structure until it reaches the front lines.One issue that UPS has with conflict resolution is that the company is highly unionized. UPS uses a syste m of â€Å"write-ups† for hourly employees. Safety has developed a set of rules that need to be followed by each employee while working, and if those rules are not followed, the manager of that employee must right the person up. The issue with this is that the union can almost always get that persons job back if they end up getting fired because of unsafe working. Directly from a UPS manager, I know that the only thing a person can be fired for and not brought back is fighting or stealing.Above this, disciplinary action becomes more regulated by UPS than unions. Managers are not part of the union and therefore cannot get their Job back if fired from misconduct or poor management. UPS and Teamsters consistently work out collective bargaining agreements for hourly employees which state the terms of raises and the guidelines of employment. For example, if an employee is fired by UPS management, they have 10 days to file a grievance with the union to get heir Job back or the term ination becomes final and there is nothing the union can do anymore.This type of disciplinary action for hourly employees can cause issues in the workplace, as many employees know they have a very slim chance of losing their job no matter their performance. Control Control is something that every department in the company has to be aware of because they all work separately but together as a whole. Human resources controls the morale of the employees, while operations looks to control the efficiency and work ethic of the work force. Some control tools which UPS utilizes is the advantage of am work. One department can take an issue and pass it on to another department to work on.This allows work to remain focused on the right topic rather than dealing with something that is not commonly dealt with in that specific department. Section Ill: Analysis In summary, UPS as a whole uses a structured departmentally system to govern their company. They believe in promoting leadership from withi n and encouraging new employees to better themselves so they can progress with the company. It seems that UPS has created a system that is concurrent with their massive success over time. I believe UPS will continue to stay in business for a long time if they continue to treat their employee's right and manage the way they do now.Keeping things separate but working together seems to be a working concept as each of the hubs function as their own entity in the big picture of things. I cannot think of any recommendations for the company to use at this time, as I believe they are doing things right. One thing that I do believe is an issue is the unionized workforce that can really lag their production because of employee's mindset. However, I know this is something that cannot be taken away by UPS management and cannot be fixed easily, so I think they have done a great Job of working around it.

A History of Mengeles Gruesome Experiments on Twins

A History of Mengele's Gruesome Experiments on Twins From May 1943 until January  1945, Nazi doctor Josef Mengele worked at Auschwitz, conducting pseudo-scientific medical experiments. Many of his cruel experiments were conducted on young twins. Notorious Doctor of Auschwitz Bettmann/Contributor/Getty Images Mengele, the notorious doctor of Auschwitz, has become an enigma of the 20th century. Mengeles handsome physical appearance, fastidious dress, and calm demeanor seemingly contradicted his attraction to murder and gruesome experiments. Mengeles seeming omnipresence at the railroad unloading platform called the ramp, as well as his fascination with twins,  incited images of a mad, evil monster. His ability to elude capture increased his notoriety and gave him a mystical and devious persona. In May 1943, Mengele entered Auschwitz as an educated, experienced, medical researcher. With funding for his experiments, he worked alongside some of the top medical researchers of the time. Anxious to make a name for himself, Mengele searched for the secrets of heredity. The Nazi ideal of the future would benefit from the help of genetics, according to Nazi doctrine.  If so-called Aryan women could give birth to twins who were sure to be blond and blue-eyed,  the future could be saved. Mengele, who worked for Professor Otmar Freiherr von Vershuer, a biologist who pioneered twin methodology in the study of genetics, believed that twins held these secrets. Auschwitz seemed the best location for such research because of a large number of available twins to use as specimens. The Ramp Mengele took his turn as the selector on the ramp, but unlike most of the other selectors, he arrived sober. With a small flick of his finger or riding crop, a person would either be sent to the left or to the right, to the gas chamber or to hard labor. Mengele would get very excited when he found twins. The other SS officers who helped unload the transports had been given special instructions to find twins, dwarfs, giants, or anyone else with a unique hereditary trait like a club foot or heterochromia (each eye a different color). Mengele was on the ramp not only during his selection duty but also when it was not his turn as a selector, to ensure twins would not be missed.   As the unsuspecting people were herded off the train and ordered into separate lines, SS officers shouted Zwillinge! (Twins!) in German. Parents were forced to make a quick decision. Unsure of their situation, already being separated from family members when forced to form lines, seeing barbed wire, smelling an unfamiliar stench - was it good or bad to be a twin? Sometimes, parents announced they had twins, and in other cases, relatives, friends, or neighbors made the statement. Some mothers tried to hide their twin, but the SS officers and Josef Mengele searched through the surging ranks of people looking for twins and anyone with unusual traits. While many twins were either announced or discovered, some sets of twins were successfully hidden and walked with their mothers into the gas chamber. About 3,000 twins were pulled from the masses on the ramp, most of them children. Only around 200 of these twins survived. When the twins were found, they were taken away from their parents. As the twins were led away to be processed, their parents and family stayed on the ramp and went through selection. Occasionally, if the twins were very young, Mengele would allow the mother to join her children to ensure their health. Processing After the twins had been taken from their parents, they were taken to the showers. Since they were Mengeles children, they were treated differently than other prisoners. Though they suffered through medical experiments, the twins were often allowed to keep their hair and allowed to keep their own clothes. The twins were then tattooed  and given a number from a special sequence. They were then taken to the twins barracks where they were required to fill out a form. The form asked for a brief history and basic measurements, such as age and height. Many of the twins were too young to fill the form out by themselves, so the Zwillingsvater (twins father) helped them. This inmate was assigned to the job of taking care of the male twins. Once the form was filled out, the twins were taken to Mengele. He asked them more questions and looked for any unusual traits. Life for the Twins Each morning, life for the twins began at 6 oclock. The twins were required to report for roll call in front of their barracks, regardless of weather conditions. After roll call, they ate a small breakfast. Then each morning, Mengele would appear for an inspection. Mengeles presence did not necessarily cause fear in the children. He was often known to appear with pockets full of candy and chocolates, to pat them on the head, talk with them, and sometimes even play. Many of the children, especially the younger ones, called him Uncle Mengele. The twins were given brief instruction in makeshift classes and were sometimes even allowed to play soccer. The children were not required to do hard work or labor. Twins were also spared from punishments, as well as from the frequent selections within the camp. The twins had some of the best conditions of anyone at Auschwitz until the trucks came to take them to the experiments. Mengeles Twin Experiments Generally, every twin had to have blood drawn every day. Besides having blood drawn, the twins underwent  various medical experiments. Mengele kept his exact reasoning for his experiments a secret. Many of the twins that he experimented on did not know the purpose of the experiments, or what exactly what was being injected into or otherwise done to them. The experiments included: Measurements:  The twins were forced to undress and lie next to each other. Then, every detail of their anatomy was carefully examined, studied, and measured. What was the same between the two was deemed to be hereditary, and what was different was deemed to be the result of the environment. These tests would last for several hours.Blood:  The frequent blood tests and experiments included mass transfusions of blood from one twin to another.Eyes:  In attempts to fabricate blue eye color, drops or injections of chemicals would be put in the eyes. This often caused severe pain, infections, and temporary or permanent blindness.Shots and Diseases:  Mysterious injections caused severe pain. Injections into the spine and spinal taps were given with no anesthesia. Diseases, including typhus and tuberculosis, would be purposely given to one twin and not the other. When one died, the other was often killed to examine and compare the effects of the disease.Surgeries:  Various surgerie s were performed without anesthesia, including organ removal, castration, and amputation. Death:  Dr. Miklos Nyiszli was Mengeles prisoner pathologist. The autopsies became the final experiment. Nyiszli performed autopsies on twins who had died from the experiments or who had been purposely killed just for after-death measurements and examination. Some of the twins had been stabbed with a needle that pierced their heart and was then injected with chloroform or phenol, which caused near-immediate blood coagulation and death. Some of the organs, eyes, blood samples, and tissues would be sent to Verschuer for further study.